Thyroid disorders, including hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism, are increasingly recognized for their significant impact on fertility. The thyroid gland regulates various metabolic processes through hormone production, and any imbalance can disrupt reproductive health.
Hypothyroidism, characterized by low thyroid hormone levels, can lead to irregular menstrual cycles and ovulation issues, making conception challenging. Studies indicate that women with untreated hypothyroidism may experience difficulty getting pregnant and an increased risk of miscarriage. Conversely, hyperthyroidism, marked by excessive hormone production, can also lead to menstrual irregularities and negatively affect fertility.
Dr. Venugopal, an IVF Specialist at Birla Fertility & IVF, Thrissur, emphasizes the importance of thyroid health in fertility: “Thyroid issues can significantly impact fertility, as both hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism can disrupt hormonal balance, leading to irregular menstrual cycles and ovulation problems. For women trying to conceive, it’s crucial to manage thyroid health through proper diagnosis and treatment. Regular monitoring and medication can restore balance and improve fertility outcomes. Thyroid issues are important in men also. An excess or deficit of thyroid hormones results in alterations of testis function, including semen abnormalities.”
In men, thyroid function plays a crucial role as well. An imbalance in thyroid hormones can alter testicular function, leading to abnormalities in semen quality and quantity. Research shows that men with thyroid disorders may experience reduced sperm motility and count, further complicating fertility efforts.
Addressing these thyroid issues is essential for those trying to conceive. Regular monitoring of thyroid hormone levels through blood tests is crucial for both men and women. If abnormalities are detected, proper diagnosis and treatment can help restore hormonal balance. Medications such as levothyroxine for hypothyroidism or antithyroid drugs for hyperthyroidism can effectively manage these conditions.
“At Birla Fertility and IVF, we provide comprehensive evaluations and personalized care plans to help manage thyroid conditions effectively, empowering you on your journey to parenthood,” Dr Venugopal adds. By recognizing and addressing thyroid issues, individuals can take proactive steps toward enhancing their fertility and achieving their family planning goals.